Scopus Research — Ibrahim Abdullah Murdas

This paper implements a new approach to neural networks by employing the advanced algorithms of machine learning called Nonlinear Auto Regressive with Exogenous (NARX) as a novelty work to address and solve problems in fiber optics. In this work, the NARX method is used for the first time in optical networks, and it benefits from unique qualities that distinguish it from other neural network techniques. The study focuses on improving the performance of an optical transmission system by examining the efficiency of linear and nonlinear mitigation technique and looking into the workings of cutting-edge fiber optic communication systems. The NARX algorithm was implemented with 16-channels over 5000 km using two formats of single-polarization quadrature amplitude modulation (SP-QAM) with a data rate of 120 Gb/s. The results of the proposed model demonstrate its efficacy by precisely predicting the Kerr effects of optical fibers and adjusting for aberrations in the optical signal. In terms of error vector magnitude (EVM), the improvement of the system was 0.091 and 0.098 for 16QAM and 64QAM, respectively. This led to getting the bit error rate (BER) to 10-6 and 10-4 for the two modulation formats, which is higher than hard decision forward error correction (HD-FEC=10-3). The co-simulation programs were used to ensure the validity of the results. © (2025), (Cambridge Scientific Publishers). All rights reserved.

The chaotic optical communication system is a new communication system that uses optical chaotic waveform to transition the data at a high bit rate. Its probable applications include secure communications and wideband communications. The semiconductor lasers are well suited for chaotic optical communications systems because the internal laser oscillation is easy to interfere with a field of optical injection or optical feedback. Chaotic optical communication is a hopeful technique for improving the privacy and security of communications networks. It uses synchronized chaotic emitters and receiver lasers for encoding and decoding the data at the hardware level. High-speed communication has made extensive use of optical communications reliant on semiconductor lasers, which are known for their wide spectrum, low power consumption, and no constraints of electromagnetic spectrum. With the chaotic optical communication's present development phase. In this paper, we review the basic technology of chaotic optical communication and research progress. We will first look at several component-based nonlinear strategies for creating chaos. Next, we focus on enhancing security, developing chaotic optical communication transmission capacity, optical chaotic synchronization, and broadband chaotic communication. We conclude by discussing the obstacles and opportunities of chaotic optical communications. © 2025, University of Kufa. All rights reserved.

This paper proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) based equalization scheme for mitigating fiber nonlinear impairments in high-capacity coherent optical communication systems. Unlike traditional digital back-propagation (DBP), the proposed CNN learns nonlinear signal distortions such as self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), and four-wave mixing (FWM) directly from data, enabling a balance between accuracy and computational efficiency. The model was trained and validated using co-simulation between OptiSystem and MATLAB over a 16-channel DWDM system with 16QAM and 64QAM modulation formats, achieving a total capacity of 1.92 Tb/s across 5000 km. By analyzing the performance metrics, it was gained insights into the effectiveness of the CNN algorithm in compensating for fiber impairments and optimizing signal transmission. The results showed the best value in terms of the quality of the received signal in 16QAM at 5 dBm to reach the Q-factor 11.45 dB with 0.087 for EVM, while in 64QAM at 10 dBm reach 11.09 dB and 0.09, respectively, that is larger than hard decision forward error correction HD-FEC limits (Q-factor =8.5 dB). © 2025 The Author(s)

This paper provides a unique and novel strategy for addressing and compensating fiber optics impairments based on advanced machine learning techniques known as Nonlinear Auto Regressive with Exogenous (NARX). This work focuses on increasing the performance of an optical transmission system by investigating the efficiency of nonlinear mitigation technique. The NARX method was implemented with 16 channels in single polarization-quadrature amplitude modulation (SP-QAM) formats, with a data rate of 125 Gb/s per channel over 5000 km. The suggested model’s efficacy is demonstrated by its ability to properly forecast the nonlinearity of optical fibers while accounting for signal distortions. In terms of the quality factor (Q-factor), the system improved by 11.31 dB and 10.19 dB for 16QAM and 64QAM, respectively, resulting in a reduction in bit error rates (BER) than hard decision forward error correction (HD-FEC). © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2024.

This paper aims to investigate the performance of suggested circular patch microstrip antennas in healthcare systems. The proposed approach has involved using various substrate materials, including epoxy (FR4), polycarbonate, polyimide, rubber, and silicon, to construct the employed configuration of the microstrip antenna and testify the influence of electrical properties of the substrate material on the performance of the proposed microstrip patch antennas. The chosen antennas were simulated in conjugate with the human body tissue model using the circuit simulation (CST) studio in the frequency band of (2-3 GHz) to meet the demand of the industrial. scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency band requirements. Upon comparing the five employed materials of substrates via the simulation process, it was evident that the polycarbonate material gives the most favorable outcomes among other substrate materials in terms of reflection coefficient parameter (-45.6 dB), voltage standing wave ratio (1.0103), besides gain value (6.37dBi) but it didn't meet the demand of medical requirements. The simulation results showed the availability of the performance requirements of the proposed microstrip patch antenna using (FR4) as a dielectric material. The obtained results closely match the recommendation of the safety factor parameters in medical applications related to the specific absorption rate (SAR) factors. © 2024 Author(s).

In the Intensive care unit (ICU) environments, patients require a continuous healthcare monitoring system to monitor their vital signs. This system must be cheap, smart, secure, easy to use, and not interfere with radio frequencies (RF) or sensitive electronic devices. In this paper, a novel design and implementation of a smart healthcare system are described using the newly emerging technologies of Li-Fi and IoT. The heartbeat rate and temperature of the patient are transmitted via Li-Fi technology and then to the central nurse station. This data is uploaded to the ThingSpeak platform cloud so that the doctor can view it anywhere. This system is also provided by sending email notifications in abnormal cases. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.

In the Intensive care unit (ICU) environments, patients require a continuous healthcare monitoring system to monitor their vital signs. In this paper, a new design and implementation of a smart healthcare system are described using the emerging technologies of Li-Fi and IoT. The heartbeat rate and temperature of the patient are transmitted via Li-Fi technology and then to the central nurse station. This data is uploaded to the ThingSpeak platform cloud so that the doctor can view it anywhere. This system is also provided by sending email notifications in abnormal cases. The results are divided into two parts. The first part is related to the Li-Fi technology. The system is tested for different channel statuses and ambient noise. The second part is the results of the IoT, where the results are presented on the ThinkSpeak platform and notification by Email in critical cases. The system is successfully tested on Imam Al-Sadiq Hospital-Babylon city patients. The obtained results are approved and satisfactory. © 2023 IEEE.

The travelled signals that used to estimate the distances between LEDs and the target undergo from non-line-of-sight (NLOS) link in indoor positioning system (IPS) utilizing visible light communication (VLC) technology. This could present a significant error in identifying their positions. In this paper, we design an IPS based on a new hybrid technique using VLC technology for accuracy enhancing. To begin, the target's position is determined using a weighted least square positioning method. Next, a maximum likelihood positioning approach is used to relocate the target's position, starting with the estimated position as an initial point. Simulations present that the created algorithm performs better than weight least squares and conventional maximum likelihood methods. © The Author 2022. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) that allows others to share and adapt the material for any purpose (even commercially), in any medium with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.